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Bulletin. No, 35 a pEIGH ron March 25, 1922. 


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COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANTA 


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DEPARTMENT OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS 
"James F. Woodward, Secretary 


BUREAU OF TOPOGRAPHIC AND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 
George H{ Ashley, State Geologist 








COAL RES RAVES IN WESTMORELAND COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA 
By 


john 2. Reese 





Pe en « 

in connection with the rene tion to the BituninovssCoal ° 
Fields of Pennsylvania" now being prepared for publication by the’ 
Pennsylvania Geological Survey, col reserves of the bituminous field: 
are being computed by Mr. John F, Reese. In order to render this’, 
intormation available at once without waiting for the uncertain date 
OF Printing the report, an abstract of Mr. Reese's figures for West- 
moreiand County is given herewith. All of the information readily 
,available at this time has been used in the re te which 
followed the methods used by the Land Classifi tion Board. of the 


. United States Geological Survey in its an Ts of the public coal 


results may be made as accurate as possible. fo that end the Strvey, 


ands, The results are given by beds for each township. For some 
eas and for some areas the data are abundant and the results entire- 
ty reliable. For other beds and areas the data are meager and the 
results subject to revision as additional data are obtained, All the 
data used and the computation sheets are permanently. .filed:so that. 
modifications of the original figures can be made readily when re- 
* by additional int formation, 


“Rhe figures presented are preliminary and subject to correétion 
for ayy area when that area shall be studied in detail. In the meare 
time: @xritical examination cf the figures is invited in order that the 







will welcome every bit of information not now in its possession, 
Records of drillings and other data will be kept strictly confide 
Pink 1 (80 desired, ven ee the Bureau naturally prefers to be 
to use data freely 


George H. Ashley, 





swap 4 


x“ 


Coal Reds, 


Westmoreland County has six coal beds that are now of econamic 
interest. In order of present importance as shipping coals they are 
the Pittsburgh, Upper Freeport, Redstone, Lower Kittanning, Middle 
Kittanning, and Waynesburg, 


Pittsburgh Coal. The great development of this bed, and 
numerous exposures of its outcrop have furnished many reliable 
measurements of the thickness, thus making possible an accurate and 
reliable computation of the quantity of coal contained in this bed, 
No information is available as to the size of mined-out areas in some 
localities. For these places an estimate of probable depletion has 
been made, based on age and size of operation, or on the difference 
between original areas and statements of acreages remaining unmined. 


Upper Freeport Coal. This bed contains the greatest reserve 
within the county. The extensive development of this coal along the- 
Kiskiminitas and Allegheny rivers, the outcrop throughout the county, 
and drill hole records, have furnished a fair number of detailed 
measurements of its thickness. From data available, a fairly accurate 
hap of this hed has been made. showing the extent of the thick Preeport 
Sd 1*- the- large faulte'd,.areain'the-céntral and western part of the 
County; ang the local faults along the Kiskiminitas River. fe 


Because of approaching exhaustion of the Pittsburgh coal, this 


bed wili be first in economic importance within a few years. 


Redstone Coal. This bed? has been computed as of economic value 
in five townships. A fair number of measurements from its outcrop 
and from several mines have made possible a fairly accurate estimate 
of the tonnage. A low percentage of recovery has been assumed for 
this bed, because when’ the Pittsburgh coal has been mined, the inter- 
yening rocks will cave, thus breaking this bed and making recovery of 
this coal both difficult and costly. 


° 


Lower Kittanning Coal, This bed has been computed and cons 
Sideread aS of economic importance in five townshivs, all lying east 

of Chestnut Ridge. A fair number of measurements are available from 
its outcrop, from mines along the Conemaugh River, Availeble drjll- 
hole records show this coal to be extremely variable in thicknesé 


and of no economic value west of Chestnut Ridge. 


Middle Kittanning Coal. Drill-hole records show this coal to 
be fairly persistent and‘of fair thickness in the western part of the 
county, An average thickness of 3 feet has been used in eight town- 
ships where its existence has been established, A receverable per- 
centage of only 50 per cent has been assumed for this bed, because 
of meager data regarding its thickness and continuity. 


A fair number of measurements have been 


Waynesburg Coal. set 
cathorer Tron Ehe oatcrop of this coal, and from its development. It 


has been considered and computed as oF importance in Hempfield and 
Sewigkley townships. This bed is broken by many partings, is varisble 


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in section, and in places is under shallow cover. For these reasons, 
a low percentage of recovery has been used in figuring the mineable 
tomnaze » 


This coal is mined for domestic use in many places because it 
is readily accessible, 


Other conl beds are mined for local use, but as they are not 
important, and little is known of their extent and thickness, they 
have not been included in the computation of the reserves. 


Method of Computing Reserves. 


A base mip for each coal bed was made by tracing its outcrop 
trom the quadrangle meps made by the‘U. S. Geological Survey. All 
available measurements of 2 coal bed, gathered from Federal and-State 
Teports, mine mans, core drill rec ords and personal inspections, were 
plotted on the map ‘of that coal bed at the locality represented. BY 
Studying the distribution of the figures, areas of. equal thickness- 
were plotted, and by means of a planimeter, an instrument for measur- 
ing plane areas, the area of each coal bed in each | dal ppd was 
measured. The unit used for calculating the quantity of coal was 
90,000 short tons per inch of bed per square mile of area 


Workéd-out areas were determined from mine maps and plotted to 
Seale on the base TAPS « The same method as sbove was used. for come 
puting the quantity of coal extracted. 


Having calculated the quantity of coal originally contained 
Within the area of any bed 2nd subtracted the avantity already mined 
out, the writer determined from engineering experience the probable 
mercentage of ench bed which could’ be recovered in different locali- 
meee. This varies from 50 to 90 per cent, depending on the thickness 
and -cheracter of the bed. The quantity of coal computed to be in any 
bed, multiplied by the assumed percentage of recovery, less 15 per 
Cent for loss in mining, gives the estimated recoverable tonnsge. 


Coal Reserv 


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The total area of Westmoreland County is 1062.6 square miles, 


The result of computing tre coal reserves in Westmoreland County 
based on the lsatest mays, engineering data, xnd wethods is shown in 
the eaccomosnying tables, 7 


One table gives the estimated recoverable tonnage by beds and 
tovmships. The figures heave been given as computed. It should 
however be distinctly un@erstood that while the acreage of each of the 

eds hos been accurately computed, th reliability of the avernge 

hickness of the coals used in tie computation of tonnase decreases 

or the beds in the order following: Pittsburgh, Upper Freeport, 
Redstone, Vayne sbure , Lower Kittanning, and Middle Zittanning. Thus, 
while the figures for the Pittsburgh bed are couservative and proba- 
bly relisble, the figures for the Middle Kittanning coal may be much 


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mean tetles! of the coal reserves in each township have been 
pared and will.appear in printed ‘form in the report now being, 
itten on the bituminous coal fields of the State. They cnn be con- 
4ited in the office of the Survey; or figures for a Single township 
ill be sent ch request. 


\ 


Coal Reserves in Westmoreland County in Short Tons 














Original Deposit Mined Out | Recoverable 

b 1; 872 ,540 ; 000 1,167,687 ;000 538, 300: 000 

- Freeport 2,732 598-000. 45.378.000  1,859,200:000 
istone — | 324 900; 000 “2970-000 "163 .200;000 
ver Kittanning 729 000,000 | 972,000 4531 -700;000 
dle Kittanning | 706 ;644 , 000 $24 -O000 297 -500 ;000 
yynesburg __ ae ee eee COU 0. 810,000 | 7,600,000 000 
: 6,381,504, 000 1,216,141,000 8 207, 500 , 000 






















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